Cardio vascular Examination

 

Cardio vascular Examination

Table of contact 

 

1. Inspection 

-list Normal finding

2. Palpation

-list Normal finding

3. Auscultation 

list Normal finding

 Let's break down the components of a cardiovascular  examination and discuss the normal findings for each.

1. Inspection:

During inspection, you would observe the precordium (the area of the chest over the heart) for any visible abnormalities such as 

• Pulsations or 
• Abnormal contours.

Normal findings may include 

• No visible heaves or lifts and 
• No visible pulsations other than the normal apical impulse.

Percussion:..!

Percussion is not commonly used in routine cardiovascular examinations, so we can skip this step for the cardiovascular assessment.

3. Palpation:

During palpation, you would use your hands to feel for the apical impulse, palpate for thrills or abnormal vibrations, and assess for the point of maximal impulse (PMI). 

Normal findings may include a 

• Palpable PMI at the 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line and 
• The absence of any palpable thrills or abnormal pulsations.

3. Auscultation:

Auscultation involves using a stethoscope to listen to the heart sounds (S1 and S2) and any additional heart sounds or murmurs.

 Normal findings may include 

• Clear S1 and S2 heart sounds with 
• No extra sounds or murmurs, and 
• The absence of any clicks or rubs.